2/09/97
先日（2/5）Great Lakes Crisis(Uganda,Rwanda,Zaire）ということでポストしました。
その中のルワンダについて、殺害されたカナダ人の司祭はルワンダ政府によるとフツ人過激派によるものだ、という報道でしたが、以下の報道ではツチ人のルワンダ愛国軍（RPA)の兵士ではないかとなっています。
この司祭はかつてのルワンダ（多分フツ政府）も現在の政府も批判していたとのことです。またそれを裏付けるようにルワンダ内でのルワンダ語放送では、ルワンダに住む外国人は出ていくべきだという報道がなされているようですが、それが扇動的ではないとも言っています。国際社会はルワンダ難民を無理矢理本国に送還させ、本国ではフツ人とツチ人のお互いの恐怖感が緊張を高めていますが、ここに来てそれを監視しようとしている国際社会の人々を排除しようとしている（多分フツ、ツチとも）構図が出てきているようです。結局、決着を付けたいフツ、ツチの支配層の思いのままに国土は荒れ果てるのかと、いやな気分になります（国際社会もそれを見抜けなかった）。
以下はUSAの難民援助団体のWEBからの転載です。
FROM http://www.refintl.org/docs/Rwanda
>
>
>
>Report #19
>February 6, 1997
>Contact: Dennis Grace
>(202)828-0110
>
> Increasing Turmoil in Rwanda
>
>The current fear in Rwanda is that it may become another Burundi. Rwanda has
>achieved dramatic infrastructure and security improvements in the two years
>since the 1994 genocide. Recently, however, Rwanda has been plagued by
>increasing instability. With the return of over one million refugees from Zaire
>and Tanzania since December 1996 and the already limited resources available,
>Rwanda is experiencing the difficult growing pains of rapid reintegration.
>Furthermore, the exterior security threat posed by ex-FAR and interahamwe
>elements within the crowded refugee camps along Rwanda's borders is now an
>internal threat. The violence continues despite the dissolution of the camps.
>Attacks and killings alleged to have been committed by ex-FAR and interahamwe
>groups and subsequent cordon-and-search exercises and reprisal killings by the
>RPA have disturbed several communes throughout Rwanda, particularly in the
>western region of the country. There have been over 500 killings since January 1.
>
>Most recently, the violence has spread to the international community within
>Rwanda. On Tuesday, February 4, four UN Human Rights Officers were ambushed
>and killed. They were in Cyangugu prefecture in a clearly marked UN vehicle when
>they were attacked. A fifth, who was wounded, died from his injuries the following
>night. It is still unclear who was responsible for this attack. However, the Human
>Rights team had just issued a condemnation of former military death squads the
>previous Friday. On Sunday, February 2 a Canadian priest who lived in Rwanda for
>35 years was killed while saying Mass. He had publicly criticized both the former
>and current governments for excessive use of violence. The killer, who was
>well-known and easily identified by the congregation, is reportedly a teacher and
>military trainer for the RPA.
>
>Two weeks ago, three Spanish medical workers were killed during an attack on
>their Ruhengeri, Rwanda compound, During the same attack an American was
>gravely wounded. The compound guard who witnessed the attack and a suspect in
>the killings died in custody. There were six other attacks on international
>organization workers during the same week, although no casualties were
>suffered. According to some Rwandan nationals, there have been some recent
>anti-foreigner broadcasts aired in Kinyarwandan on Radio Rwanda; although these
>messages have never incited violence against expatriates, they suggest that
>Rwanda does not need an international presence any longer and that foreigners
>do not belong there.
>
>The UN has suspended activities in western Rwanda, as have several other
>international NGOs. The International Federation of the Red Cross and Red
>Crescent announced it will be suspending all activities throughout Rwanda. The
>UN has officially requested the Rwandan government to provide military escorts
>for all UN personnel outside the capital of Kigali. The Rwandan government has
>released statements condemning the attacks, adding that international staff
>should not be pulled out of Rwanda and requesting additional international
>funding for security.
>
>In addition to these immediate security concerns, there are longer term
>challenges which are testing the Rwandan government.
>
>Land reform and property rights are issues of foremost concern. The scarcity of
>land resources has brought about some changes in government policy which are
>highly controversial. The government has decided to take over all shelter
>programs in Rwanda; international NGOs currently implementing shelter projects
>will only be allowed to finish ongoing construction but must forego all future
>projects and turn over all resources and some personnel for government run
>projects. The government has instituted a policy of "villagization," much like
>Burundi's. All Rwandan families must reside in centralized village structures from
>this time forward. The purported aim is to encourage reconciliation, make better
>use of arable land, and facilitate economic and infrastructure development (i.e.
>reform/installation of water, electricity, and road systems). Conditions,
>however, have not been clearly articulated. For example, it is unclear whether
>those families who have finally rehabilitated their homes in isolated areas will
>have to move into these villages. Rwandan farmers like to be close to their land.
>If the nearest village is 10 kilometers away it is unlikely the lone farmer will
>want to move from his home and property to a concentrated village site. Related
>to this, government resettlement sites, mudugutu, are being organized
>throughout Rwanda, however, many of the sites are questionable. Some had been
>the personal property of new caseload refugees who returned to discover that
>their land had been subdivided and rationed out. Other larger sites, some
>designated for 100 to 500 families, are in undesirable locations; some sites
>visited by Refugees International in Kibungo prefecture had desert-like
>conditions: sandy soil, little arable land, and inadequate water supplies.
>
>Refugees International recommends:
>
>Security:
>
> The Rwandan government should immediately bolster security for
> international staff working in Rwanda. Military escorts for UN Human Rights
> Officers should be provided so that UNHRFOR can conduct its own
> investigations into the attacks.
> Findings which result from investigation into the recent killings
> should be made public as soon as possible.
> The international agencies in Rwanda, particularly UN Human Rights
> Officers, should be guaranteed access to the communes in which
> they work.
>
>Land:
>
> The Rwandan government should more clearly articulate the terms
> of both its "Villagization" policy and its Mudugutu program.
> Whereas the need for Rwandan direction is clear, international NGOs, which
> provide resources and logistical support, should have input into decision
> making, site selection, planning or implementation.
> The Rwandan government should set up an independent body to
> deal with property disputes. Traditionally land tenure and property
> disputes have been deliberated by local government representatives. Due
> to the growing complexity, as well as the overwhelming increase in the
> number of disputes, an independent body is needed.
>
>
>
> Refugees International
> Suite 202, 2639 Connecticut Ave., NW
> Washington, DC 20008
> Tel (202) 828-0110 / (800) REFUGEE
>
>
>
Africa Onlineからの転載です。有料ニュースサービスなので転載を行わないで下さい。
ブルンディの解散させられたフツ人野党が、現在国内でツチ人軍事政権によるフツ人に対する抑圧にたいして国連軍の駐留を要求しているというニュースです。ご存じのようにブルンディでは昨年ツチ人軍事政権によりクーデターが行われ、選挙で選ばれたフツ人主体の政権が転覆されました。タンザニアを含め近隣諸国は経済封鎖（人道的な援助は除く）を続けていますが、それに対して西側からは最近やりすぎとの声が上がっています。
Copyright 1997 Features Africa Network
All rights reserved.
Distributed by Africa Online Inc.
FEATURES AFRICA NETWORK
NEWS BULLETIN, FEBRUARY 8, 1997
EASTERN AFRICA NEWS
BURUNDI
BURUNDI CALLS FOR UN TROOPS
The Burundi Opposition party, the Front for Democracy in Burundi (FRODEBU)
has requested the United Nations Security Council to dispatch troops to
Burundi to restrain the military government from further harassment of the
masses.
The chairman of FRODEBU, Sawanya Jean Minani told a press conference in
Dar-es-Salaam that the military government under Major Pierre Buyoya is now
bent on intimidating the innocent Hutu people in Burundi.
Major Buyoya belongs to the minority Tutsi tribe which for years has been in
control of the army which is reported to be marauding around the country
looking for the Hutus.
All political parties were banned last year when Major Buyoya took over the
state machinery and FRODEBU and other opposition bodies are fighting against
the military government. The regime also faces economic sanctions to force a
return to democratic governance.
The FRODEBU chairman claimed that the military regime now abducts the Hutus
and sends them to the rural areas where it keeps them without food or water
to be screened in the TV stations to show to the world "how the masses suffer
from the sanctions".
The problem could be solved with the UN forces intervention to save the poor
in Burundi, he said. He further said the military regime has expelled all the
Hutu students from the University of Burundi and retained the Tutsis who on
top of the regular courses undergo military training "for the coming war
against the insurgents-- the Hutus," Minani said.
He requested the countries in the Great Lakes zone to observe strictly the
sanctions while other measures against the military government in Burundi are
underway.
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